New Delhi. Foreign Minister S. Jaishankar has said that the soldiers who were martyred in the Galvan Valley were not unarmed. They had weapons. The External Affairs Minister cited the 1996 and 2005 agreements and said that the soldiers could not use these weapons during the confrontation. On one hand, India is following the agreement, but China is not worried about it.
In the whole case, China has violated the 1993, 1996, and 2013 agreements. To understand the whole matter, it is necessary to know about the agreements reached so far in India and China regarding LAC. India and China had 5 agreements in 27 years to maintain peace on LAC.
1993 agreement
Relations with China in the 90s began in 1988 with the then Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi's visit to China. Since 1993, talks have begun on several bilateral agreements and protocols between the two countries. In 1993, the then Prime Minister of India PV Narasimha Rao went on a China round and during this time he signed an agreement with Chinese Prime Minister Li Peng to keep peace on the LAC.
The 1993 agreement clearly states that if troops from both sides cross the LAC, they will immediately leave their territory after being warned from the other side. However, China did exactly the opposite at Galvan and Pangong Lake and deployed its troops.
The agreement said that if tensions escalate, both sides will go to the LAC to take stock of the situation and find a way out. However, China remained adamant despite the talks and also attacked Indian jawans with deception.
The agreement was extended three years later in 1996.
The 1993 agreement was extended after three years. The new agreement was signed by Chinese President Jiang Zemin who visited India in 1996 and then Indian Prime Minister HD Deve Gowda.
If the soldiers on both sides come face to face due to any differences, then they will keep restraint. Will take the necessary steps to stop the dispute. However, China lost its restraint in the disputed sites from day one. Chinese soldiers are aggressive in many videos.
While doing military exercises on the LAC, it has to be decided that the bullet or missile does not accidentally fall on the other side, it will not have more than 1500 soldiers. Also, there will be no attempt to threaten others through it. However, China recently did military exercises with LAC and the Chinese media showed it exaggeratingly threatening India.
Both sides will pull the solution from the diplomatic and other channels to prevent tension.
The LAC will have no fire in a two-kilometer area, no side will not fire, explode nor use hazardous chemicals.
Under the agreement, the LAC will neither use the military nor threaten it.
Agreements were again in 2005, 2012 and 2013
In 2003, the then Prime Minister of India Atal Bihari Vajpayee's government prepared a special representative level mechanism for the border dispute. After this, under Manmohan Singh's tenure, in 2005, 2012 and 2013, three agreements were signed with China to increase negotiations on the border dispute. During that time Foreign Minister S.K. Jaishankar was India's ambassador to China.
Both India and China agreed that the areas of LAC have not yet been agreed on both sides of the border. There will be no patrolling. Despite this, China is constantly adopting an aggressive attitude to occupy the disputed sites.
According to the agreement, the two countries will live in the same position on the border. Protocols were also created to build trust between the armies on the LAC.
Both sides agreed to create a working mechanism to avoid border disputes. In this, the Joint Secretary of the Ministry of External Affairs on behalf of India and the Director-General Level Ministry of External Affairs on behalf of China will be the Chairman.
Modi went to China 5 times after becoming PM
Narendra Modi has visited China 5 times since becoming PM in 2014. Modi and Chinese President Xi Jinping have met 18 times. These include one-to-one meetings as well as meetings between the two leaders in other countries.
PM Modi tried to bring warmth in relations with China, under this the Informal Summit started from Wuhan in April 2018. In 2019, under this summit, the two leaders met in Mahabalipuram in Tamil Nadu.
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