The Lander Module (LM) of ISRO's ambitious mission Chandrayaan-3 scripted a new definition of success in space science by kissing the lunar surface on Wednesday evening. According to the scientists, in the last phase of this campaign, all the processes were completed according to the predetermined plans exactly as it was decided. Shortly after landing, the communication link of the lander Vikram with the Mission Operations Complex of ISRO was established. ISRO released pictures taken by Vikram's camera during the landing and said that the lander had selected a relatively flat surface for landing.
Rover Pragyan also came out of the lander
According to IANS, rover Pragyan had also come out of the Chandrayaan-3 lander on the ramp late last night. Pawan K Goenka, chairman of InSpace, the regulator for private companies in space, shared the information along with the photo on Internet media platform X. This success was not only watched by the scientists of ISRO, but every common and special person of India with fixed gaze on the TV screen, but it was also seen moment by moment in many countries of the world.
Roscosmos congratulated India
Prime Minister Narendra Modi, who was participating in the BRICS conference, also witnessed this historic moment virtually from Johannesburg and expressed happiness by hoisting the tricolor after the successful landing. So far, the US, the then-Soviet Union (Russia), and China have landed landers on the lunar surface. Russia had sent a Luna-25 vehicle to land on the South Pole, which crashed due to engine shutdown last Sunday. Now the Russian space agency Roscosmos has congratulated India on the success of Chandrayaan-3.
soft landing like this
ISRO termed the last 20 minutes of the landing process as the dreaded time. Even in this, the last 17.04 minutes were very tense. From its Indian Deep Space Network at Byalalu near Bengaluru, ISRO sent the necessary commands about two hours before the scheduled time of soft landing. After this, the lander reached the power braking stage at an altitude of about 30 km from the lunar surface. At 5.44 pm, the power descent process of its landing started from a height of 25 km. According to ISRO officials, after reaching a distance of 6.8 kilometers from the lunar surface, only two engines of the lander were used and the remaining two engines were switched off. The purpose of this was to give the lander a 'reverse thrust' (push in the opposite direction of the normal direction, to reduce the speed after landing) while coming closer to the surface.
The study will be till one lunar day
According to ISRO, the lander and rover (Pragyan) will have one lunar day (equivalent to about 14 Earth days) to study the lunar surface and surrounding environment. However, scientists have not ruled out the possibility of both remaining active till one more lunar day. There are a total of five payloads in the lander module. It also has a payload from NASA. The lunar surface will be studied with the payload in the lander. The three payloads carried are Rambha-LP, CHEST, and ILSA. One of these will study the soil and rock of the Moon's south pole. The second payload will study chemical substances and minerals and see how their form has changed so that their history can be known. The third payload will see what is the possibility of life on the Moon and whether it has any similarity with the Earth. The rover will travel some distance to study the lunar surface. The total weight of the four-wheeled lander and six-wheeled rover is 1,752 kg. Many sensors were installed in the lander to make the landing safe. These include an accelerometer, altimeter, Doppler velocimeter, inclinometer, touchdown sensor, and cameras.
That's why the south polar region is important
The polar regions of the Moon are very isolated terrains due to the environment and the difficulties they pose and therefore remain largely unknown. Scientists believe that there may be abundant amounts of water in places that are always dark in this region. That is why landing on the south pole of the Moon is considered very important. There is also a possibility of getting oxygen, fuel, and drinking water for future expeditions from the ice.
The whole country saw the historic moment
People are taking pride in the talent of their scientists. The historic event was telecast on the national channel of Doordarshan along with ISRO's website, YouTube channel, and Facebook page. Which was also shown in schools and colleges in every corner of the country. Pooja-Havan was held at many places, prayers were offered for the success of the Chandrayaan-3 mission. About 7 million people watched the landing on YouTube. This was ISRO's third mission to reach the Moon. This is how the mission was completed in several stages: On July 14, the LVM3-M4 rocket left from the Satish Dhawan Space Center in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh carrying Chandrayaan-3. After this, ISRO changed the orbits of Chandrayaan-3 several times away from the Earth. While orbiting the Earth in different orbits, on August 1, after the single shot, the vehicle left the Earth's orbit and moved towards the Moon's orbit. On August 5, it entered the Moon's orbit. On August 6, it changed orbit for the first time. After this, on August 9, 14, and 16, by changing the orbits, it reached closer to the Moon. On August 17, the propulsion module and the lander module of Chandrayaan-3 separated and the lander module moved towards the lunar surface. The first deboosting (slowing down process) was completed on 18 August. After the second deboosting on the intervening night of 19–20 August, the lander carrying the rover reached its closest orbit to the Moon. The mission also got the support of the American Space Agency NASA and the European Space Agency.
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