Tension has increased once again in India and China, the main reason for which is the clash between the soldiers on both sides in the Tawang sector of Arunachal Pradesh. The Indian Army said on Monday that on December 9, there was a clash between the soldiers of India and China near Yangtse in the Tawang sector. Some soldiers from both sides were injured in this skirmish. Defense Minister Rajnath Singh also told Parliament on Tuesday that the Indian Army bravely stopped the PLA from encroaching on our territory and forced them to return to their posts. Before Tawang, there was a violent clash between Indian and Chinese soldiers in the Galwan Valley in Ladakh. In that skirmish, 20 soldiers of the Indian Army were martyred. China had accepted the killing of four soldiers in this skirmish after 6 months.
However, an Australian newspaper claimed in its report that at least 38 Chinese soldiers were killed in the skirmish. Even before this, in 2017, the armies of India and China were face to face for 73 days in Doklam. However, there was no violence or clash during that time. Although Doklam falls in Bhutan, it is a tri-junction, where India, China, and Bhutan are close. China was building a road here and India had stopped it.
Let us tell you that the border between India and Pakistan is called the Line of Control whereas, the border between India and China is called the Line of Actual Control. The tension on LAC has deepened a bit in recent years. There was a dispute earlier also, but then this type of clash was rarely seen. One reason for this is also that China is increasing infrastructure along the borders with India. Increasing deployment of troops. Some such agreements between India and China have banned firing on the border.
Let's know what are those agreements.
To maintain peace on LAC, there have been five important agreements between India and China in three decades. The first agreement was signed in 1993. After that, there was another agreement in 1996. Then such agreements were signed in 2005, 2012, and 2013. After the 1962 war, relations between India and China turned sour. In 1988, then-Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi visited China. This tour played an important role in improving relations. In 1993, the then Prime Minister of India PV Narasimha Rao visited China. At that time Li Peng was the Prime Minister of China. This agreement was reached during the same tour. It was decided in this agreement that no country would use force or an army against the other.
Along with this, it was also decided that if the jawan of any country accidentally crosses the LAC, then the other country will inform them and the jawan will immediately return to their side. It was also said in the same agreement that if the tension escalates, both countries will visit the LAC to take stock of the situation and find a solution through talks. Apart from this, there was also talk of giving information before military exercises in this agreement. The agreement was signed by the then Minister of State for External Affairs RL Bhatia from the Indian side and Tang Jiaxuan, the Vice Foreign Minister from the Chinese side.
Another agreement in 1996
Three years after 1993, there was another agreement in 1996. Then Chinese President Jiang Zemin had come to India. HD Deve Gowda was the Prime Minister of India at that time. This agreement was signed by both countries on 29 November 1996. It was decided in the agreement that both countries would not use or threaten to use any kind of force against each other. The first article of the agreement states that neither country will use military capability against the other nor will any army attack. At the same time, it will not do anything that threatens peace and stability in the areas adjacent to the border.
Article 6 of this is the most important. It is this article that prevents firing on the border. Article 6 states that no country within two kilometers of the LAC shall fire, use biological weapons or harmful chemicals, conduct blast operations, or attack with guns and explosives. The 1993 and 1996 agreements laid the foundation for the 2005, 2012, and 2013 agreements. It was decided in these agreements that there will be no patrolling in the areas of LAC where there is no consensus and the position of both countries on the border will remain the same.
So does China follow these agreements?
By the way, both countries are bound to follow everything written in these agreements. But China keeps on violating some of these agreements. China is building infrastructure near LAC by breaking the terms of the agreements. Deploying his army. In June 2020, when there was a clash in the Galvan Valley, the matter of firing also came to the fore. This was the first time in 45 years that the LAC was shot.
However, India always abides by these agreements. After the violent clash in Galvan Valley, when questions were raised as to why the jawans were sent without weapons. Then Foreign Minister S. Jaishankar had said that 'all the soldiers posted on the border carry weapons.
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