Every year India remembers the day of 16 December as Vijay Diwas. This is the date that has become indelible in the history of the world. On this day i.e. on 16 December 1971, Pakistan's army surrendered before the Indian Army. This day is to salute the bravery of the brave soldiers of India. This is the date when about 93000 soldiers of Pakistan surrendered before India in the 1971 war. The result of this was that the map of the world changed and the new country Bangladesh emerged. So let us tell you what is the history of this day and why it is important.
this is how it started
The year 1970 was coming to an end. During this, general elections started in Pakistan. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the leader of the East Pakistan Awami League, won the election proving his popularity and staking claim to form his government. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, the leader of the Pakistan People's Party, did not agree with this. The people ruling West Pakistan did not accept the interference of East Pakistan. After this tension started between East and West Pakistan.
Army sent to East Pakistan
The Pakistan Awami League started opposing the Pakistan People's Party. Pakistan Awami League leader Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was arrested. Sheikh's arrest enraged the people of East Pakistan, they started agitating against the power of West Pakistan. The army was sent to East Pakistan to stop this fire of agitation. The army started torturing the common people. The situation was continuously deteriorating, people were also killed. In such a situation, common people started migrating from East Pakistan.
People were taking refuge in India
People fled from East Pakistan and started coming to India. The number of people fleeing from East Pakistan in India was increasing day by day. People were coming in large numbers to the Indian states bordering East Pakistan. According to an estimate, around one million people took refuge in India at that time. This was the period when Indira Gandhi was the Prime Minister of India. Meanwhile, statements were also being made from the Pakistan side regarding the attack on India.
Pakistan attacked
On 3 December 1971, Pakistan attacked many cities in India. At this time, the then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, while addressing the country at midnight, informed about the attack done by Pakistan and also declared war. The war had started. The Indian Air Force bombed important targets in West Pakistan. On 4 December, the Indian Navy also fought the Pakistani Navy in the Bay of Bengal. On 5 December 1971, the Indian Navy bombarded the port of Karachi, targeting the headquarters of the Pakistani Navy. After this Pakistan's law breaking.
Interesting information related to the 1971 war
The war began on 3 December 1971, when the Pakistani Air Force bombed 11 Indian Air Force stations.
It is one of the shortest-lasting wars in history. This war lasted only for 13 days and in these 13 days, the Indian Army defeated Pakistan.
- 93,000 Pakistani soldiers surrendered in this war.
As a result of this war, the new country Bangladesh emerged.
About 3,900 Indian soldiers were martyred in the 1971 war, while 9,851 soldiers were injured.
Indian Army first captured Jessore and Khulna.
In the 1971 war, the Indian Air Force used the MiG-21.
what happened on 16 December 1971
On the morning of December 16, General Jacob received a message from Army Chief Sam Manekshaw to reach Dhaka immediately to prepare for surrender. At that time Niyazi had 26,400 soldiers in Dacca. The Indian army was 30 kilometers away from Dhaka. The Indian Army had completely taken hold of the war. Lieutenant General JR Jacob moved forward with his troops. When he reached Niyazi's room, there was silence. The documents of surrender were kept on a table lying in the room. Lieutenant General Jagdish Singh Arora landed at Dhaka airport at around 4.30 pm. It was here that General Arora and Niazi signed the surrender documents. Niazi first took off his badge and placed it on the table, then handed over his revolver to General Arora. Then all the Pakistani soldiers put their guns on the ground and kneel.
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